Do you have any embarrassing situation in your clothing that has been broken by a sharp object? In real life, our clothes will be broken and torn when worn, which involves the problem of strong tearing of the fabric. Then what is the tear strength? Fabric tear Fabric tearing also referred to as tearing,fabric partial yarn is subjected to a concentrated load to tear the fabric apart. During the use of the fabric, the clothes are hooked by the object, partial yarn is pulled apart by force, so that the fabric forms a strip or a triangular crack, which is also a phenomenon of breakage. Tear Strength It can reflect the degree of catalysis of the finished fabric, so the tearing strength test is performed on the resin-finished cotton fabric and the wool-formed pure or blended combed fabric. Knitted fabrics are generally not subjected to tear test except for special requirements. How to judge if the tear strength of your clothes is qualified or not? There are many methods for the tear strength test: 1. Pendulum method 2. Pants type method (including single tongue method and double tongue method) 3. Trapezoid method 4. Wing method. The most common test method is the pant-shaped single tongue tear test. And how to test it? Cut the sample as belows picture shown according the standard required. Standard require each sample cut into two test sample. One is lengthways. The other one is crosswise. Each test sample should be included at least 5 pieces. Then on test. When the stressed yarn in the sample is separated up and down gradually, the yarn that is not directly stressed begins to have some relative sliding with the stressed yarn., and gradually draws closer to form an approximate triangular area, which is usually called the stressed triangle. Due to the effect of friction resistance between the yarns, the sliding is finite, that is, the number of yarn roots under stress in the triangle is limited.In the stress triangle area, the stress on the bottom edge of the first yarn is the largest, and decreases successively. When it is sliding, the tension of the yarn increases rapidly,  the elongation of the yarn also increases sharply. When the first yarn constituting the bottom edge of the force-triangle triangle is deformed to the elongation at break, the yarn breaks. Thereby a maximum value of a certain tear load is obtained. The next yarn then begins to become the bottom edge of the force triangle, so that the yarn of the non-pull system breaks one at a time to tear the fabric. Lastly, the calculating.the electronic calculation devices divides the first peak and the last peak into four regions,exclude the first region, and records all the peaks in the rest of three region. The average value was calculated and the tear strength of this sample was recorded. (The unit is indicated by N) Testing Equipment: GT-C01-1 Universal Tensile Strength Tester (Dual Column)

Definition and scope In 16 CFR part 1610, the definitions applicable to this standard are specified in detail, such as statutes, rules and regulations, standards, garment exposed parts, coated fabrics, flat textile fabrics, suede textile fabrics, etc. This standard applies to all fabrics made of natural or synthetic fibers that have undergone some sort of finishing or unfinishing, as well as garments made from these fabrics. Not suitable for hats, gloves, shoes and socks, and lining fabrics. Product classification According to the test results, the flammability test for fabric is divided into three grades: Level 1 is general flammability; Level 2 is medium flammability; Level 3 is rapid and intense combustion, and the performance indexes for each level are specified. Combustion performance requirements Specific test methods and combustion performance requirements are specified in this standard. fabric flammability test performance is divided into three levels, and specific indicators are specified according to the type of product. It is clearly indicated that level: Level 1 applies to clothing; Level 2 is only for suede textiles and also for clothing; Level 3 cannot be used to make clothing and is prohibited from being imported into the United States. Notes: Before selling products, manufacturers, wholesalers, importers and retailers need to evaluate the flammability of clothing fabrics to ensure that the clothing meets the requirements. The test results of a few textile products may change, that is to say, in one test the flammability of level 1 or 2 products, in another test the flammability of level 3; The sample quantity shall be ensured to meet the requirements of the test to fully ensure that such textile products meet the standard requirements. The main instruments is: 45 Degree Automatic Flammability Tester

Folding resistance is one of the basic mechanical properties of paper, which is used to indicate the ability of paper to resist reciprocating folding. The folding resistance of the paper is the number of folds required to measure the stretch of the paper after being stretched by a certain force and then folded back and forth until the paper breaks.It is expressed in number of times, the unit is double fold.According to the longitudinal cutting, the test result is the longitudinal folding resistance; according to the transverse cutting, the test result is the transverse folding resistance. Generally, the longitudinal folding resistance is higher than the transverse folding resistance, which is due to the arrangement of the fibers and the high bonding strength of longitudinal fibers. Folding resistance is one of the important indicators of the mechanical strength of paper and paperboard. The folding resistance is very meaningful for reflecting the performance of the paper bag and the carton lining paper. Any paper that needs to be folded frequently when used generally has strict requirements on the folding resistance. GESTER's MIT Folding Endurance Tester is used to determining the folding resistance of paper. MIT Type Paper Folding Endurance Tester GT-N16 conforms to the standards ISO 5626, GB/T 2679.5, QB/T 1049 and is apply to the measurement of paper and other sheet materials with thickness less than 1 mm.With data processing function, Folding Endurance Test For Paper can directly output statistical result data. easy to operate, easy to adjust, and  stable performance.

45 Degree Automatic Flammability Tester is mainly used in garment fabric tent fabric, such as decorative fabric flame retardant performance measurement is composed of control system and combustion chamber, the sample is installed in the combustion chamber sample rack, the tilt Angle of 45 fire mouth close to the sample, with the flame returned sample stipulated time, observation sample combustion condition and speed of the spread of flame on the sample, evaluation of ignition and flame spreading performance of the sample. 45 Degree Flammability Tester Testing principle: 1. Combustion intensity and speed test Under specified conditions, the sample is placed at an Angle of 45 degrees, the sample is ignited for 1s, and the time required for the sample to burn upward with flame for a certain distance is used as a measure to evaluate the intensity of the textile combustion. The fabric with surface flapping is used as an additional indicator for the intensity of combustion. 2.Damage area and length test Under the specified test conditions, the textile samples were ignited in the direction of 45 degrees, and the after burning and smoldering time, damage area and damage length of the fabric after combustion were measured. 3.Times of touch with flame test Under the specified test conditions, the textile samples were ignited in the direction of 45 degrees, and the number of times of touch with flame was measured when the fabric was burned 90mm from the lower end of the sample. GESTER 45 Degree Flammability Tester Operational program: 1.Take a sample holder that has been installed from the dryer, place it on the sample rack in the test instrument, pass the sign line through the guide wire hook of the sample rack plate, and then hang a hammer on the sign line just below the guide wire ring to make it taut. 2.The door is shut off test set the timer to zero, press start button, the timer start time, that the flame is in contact with the specimen surface 1 s when the flame burning to hang on the top of the marker of sample, the heavy hammer falling due to line was burn out, the timer stop timing, accurate records chronograph is shown in the burning time of the specimen to light out of the dryer time should not exceed 45 s. 3. During the test, the combustion condition of the sample should be observed. If the combustion is not complete, then should be observed if there is any sign of carbonization or melting on the back of the sample or not.

It needs for twisting when you spinning short fibers into continuous yarns.They keep the aggregate force when they stay together, then gives the strength of yarn. Filament in composite filaments also requires mild twisting. It will be dislodged or scratched in use if they are not tied together. In addition, according to various kinds of applications, plurality of single yarns can be combined and twisted to become plied yarns and cables, to make them keep uniform and stable for sustaining higher load. When at least two yarns twist with different speeds and tensions, or twist with different colors or fancy yarns, they can form fancy yarns. Twisting is a method of bringing bundle fiber, filament yarn, and single yarns together. It can help textile bears force, change and rub in production and in use. And gives textile fresh appearance. 1.Concept of Twist As well as affecting the tensile performance of the yarn, the twist also will affects the diameter, specific volume, softness and stiffness of yarns, affecting the covering performance, heat retention, crease recovery, dyeing rate and permeability of the textile. It also affects the hairiness of the yarn surface. Twist is an important indicator of the structural characteristics of the yarn. In addition to the twist and twist multiplier can be expressed, the twisting direction of the yarn is also important. It  refers to the tilting direction of the yarn when adds twist. There are two types of twist: S-plied(twist to the left) and Z-plied(twist to the right). Most manufactured single yarns are spun with a Z twist.To ply these Z-plied together, they are twist with an S twist to give a balanced plied yarn. 2.Methods of Twist Testing There are 2 commonly testing methods: direct counting method, Untwist-retwist method. The short fibers and plied yarns commonly use the direct counting method, while the spun yarns use Untwist-retwist method. Besides, they are Double untwist-retwist method, Double untwist-retwist method and Sliding method. (1.)Direct counting Fixed the one side of sample,another one at one rotating direction of untwisting.When the fibers in the yarn are completely parallel, and the degree of retraction is the number of turns of the length on this sample. The direct counting method is the basic method. The measurement results are relatively accurate and often used as a criterion for assessing the accuracy of other methods.However, this method is inefficient in operation. If the fibers in the yarn are kinked, the fibers can not easy to become parallel, and the fibers are easy to broken. The direct counting method is generally used to count the number of rovings or plied yarns. For spun yarn, it can be carried out by black and white yarn number method. It means that a black roving and a white roving are used to feed the same yarn to spun the black and white yarn. With the increase of remove twist, the distance will become larger between the black and white on the yarn, and easy to manuall...

Leather tear strength tester is suitable for testing tear strength of all kinds of dermis and synthetic leather materials. It is used to test tear strength of dermis and synthetic leather under external force. Testing machine: Dual column universal testing machine GT-K01 Test steps: 1.Samples were parked in laboratory environment for more than 8 hours. 2.Cutting 3 or more samples with a cutter at least 150 mm above the material edge in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions of the sample, respectively. 3.The two ends of the sample are respectively clamped on the upper and lower fixtures of the tensile tester，attention should be paid when clamping：To make the sample expose the part of the upper fixture and the part of the lower fixture, keep the same. To keep the clamped sample in a vertical state, do not tilt to one side，set the speed of the tensile tester to 200 mm/min. 4.Start the test key of the tensile tester and start the test. When the tension machine tears the sample completely, record the maximum tension value of the tension machine. 5.Each sample is tested at least three times, and the average is taken as the final result. Result judgement: 1.If all of the three values are qualified, the average of the three values is taken as the final result. 2.If one of the three values is unqualified, two more samples should be cut for reexamination. If there is no more unqualified in reexamination, it will be judged as unqualified, and the final result will be the average of the unqualified values of the initial and reexamination. If there is no nonconformity in the reexamination, the final result is the average of all values. 3.If two or more of the three values are unqualified, they are judged to be unqualified and the average of the unqualified values is taken as the final result. Matters needing attention: If the results of several tests are quite different (more than 30%), it is necessary to redesign the samples for testing.

In our daily life, no matter what shoes you are worn, what type of floor is walking. The sudden slip accident would occur often which would cause the injury to people.With recent technological developments, footwear manufacturers are constantly introducing new types of sole materials. The anti-slip index of the shoes is a very important data, which may determine whether the shoes could win the good graces in the international market. At present, footwear slip data is obtained through institutions that meet international standards. BS EN 13287 and SATRA TM144 are the most authoritative standards. Both standards provide a detailed and rigorous description of the test methods and test materials, including: the various materials used as the floor, the way the shoes are in direct contact with the floor (only the forefoot touches the surface to be tested, only the heel contacts the surface to be tested) And the entire sole is in contact with the surface to be tested), the test procedure and the method of obtaining the data (normal force, friction, friction coefficient). GESTER has been committed to the development and production of various types of test instruments in line with international standards. At present, our company has launched the footwear slip resistance tester GT-KB48 for footwear anti-slip test. This machine complies with BS EN 13287 and TM144.Let's take a look of the difference during testing between BS EN 13287 and SATRA TM 144. BS EN 13287 Test Procedure: Step 1)  Firmly install the shoes on the shoe lasts or mechanical feet. Be careful not to have any slippage or looseness; if so, it’s necessary to take anti-slip measures (such as: playing paper towels in the shoes or double-sided tape on the bottom of the mechanical foot) . Apply a suitable lubricant to the shoe, uniform thickness, about 1mm thick, and place the floor material to be tested on the motion test platform. Step 2)  Lower the fixed shoe to the surface to be tested so that the shoe is in contact with the test surface. There are three ways of contact (only the forefoot contact surface, only the rear heel contact surface, and the full sole contact surface). The forefoot contact and the rear heel contact require a 7 degree angle block to allow the shoe to contact the surface at an angle of 7 degrees. The three methods must ensure that the relative movement direction of the shoe and the test surface are opposite and parallel. In order to simulate the scenes in life. Step 3)  After the shoe contacts the surface, apply a pre-plus normal force (50N) in a vertical downward direction, reach a normal force of 500N in 1s and prepare to slide the test platform. The force at this time is called static contact force and arrives. Sliding started within 0.3S after 500N, and the sliding speed during the test was 0.3 m/s. Step 4)  The data between 0.3s and 0.6s after the start of sliding is the measurement interval of the average frictional force, and the length of the m...

GESTER Instruments co.,ltd is professionally engaged in production and R&D of physical testing equipment. With many years experience in providing total testing solution, GESTER becomes one of leading companies in testing machine field. With its advanced design technology and philosophy, excellent manufacturing technology and strict quality management system, GESTER succeeds in providing world-class products for well-known testing institutions, cooperating with many international standards organizations and providing all test standard consumables for the laboratory. Our company has our own Research and production base which is authorized by ISO9001：2000, can provide total solution for a series of testing machine.  All of our machines are complied with international standards ASTM、ISO、JIS、AATCC、IWTO、BS、DIN etc. To insure the accuracy and authority of the test results, all products will be calibrated by professional staff from central laboratory before dispatched from factory. Our products are being used by many famous quality control organizations at home and abroad. GESTER GT-KC10A Bally Resistance Flexing Tester has A, B two types grips, and the difference lies in the upper grips. A Type grip is complied with below standard: SATRA TM 55;IULTCS/IUP 20-1; ISO  17694 ; EN 13512 ;EN 344-1 section 5.13.1.3 and annex C;EN ISO 20344 section 6.6.2.8;GB/T20991 section 6.6.2.8;AS/NZS 2210.2 section 6.6.2.8;JIS-K6545. Bally Leather Flexing Tester B Type grip is complied with below standard: ISO 32100 ; DIN53351; ISO 5402-1;GE-24;ASTM D 6182. Since the two clamps are suitable for many standards, the same basic dimensions and different tolerances are taken with smaller tolerances, which are regarded as the same standard. The main difference between two grips is as below: As figures showed, fig.1 for A Type Upper Grip,fig 2 for B Type Upper Grip Both upper clamps consist of two plates, one for ABCFD and one for EGHCF. The main differences between the two upper clamps are: 1.The thickness for A type baffle  ADFE is 4mm. While the thickness for B type grips baffle ABCFD, EGHCF is 4±0.2mm, and baffle L(ADFE) can be added to 8mm regarding the test sample. 2.The horizontal length and vertical height for A type upper clamp ramp CD are both 25mm ( D is the intersection for CF and AD extension). The horizontal height difference between the B type upper clamp surface BC and EF is 22.5±1 mm, and the horizontal distance from the hole core to the acute angle angle F is 23.2±0.2 mm, and the diameter of the hole K is required to be ∮50.0±0.5 mm. 3. The angle between the DF and CF of the A type upper clamp is a radius of 2 mm. B type upper clamp DF is: a plane that is 150 degrees obliquely upward (∠ADF=150°) with the lower surface AD. The plane DF and the inclined plane CF are arcs with a radius of 2 mm.